Mobile processor

A mobile processor is a CPU designed to save power. It is found in mobile computers and cellphones.
A CPU chip designed for portable computers, it is typically housed in a smaller chip package, but more importantly, in order to run cooler, it uses lower voltages than its desktop counterpart and has more "sleep mode" capability. A mobile processor can be throttled down to different power levels and/or sections of the chip can be turned off entirely when not in use. Further, the clock frequency may be stepped down under low processor loads. This stepping down conserves power and prolongs battery life.

Pentium 4

Pentium 4 was a line of single-core desktop and laptop central processing units (CPUs), introduced by Intel on November 20, 2000[1] and shipped through August 8, 2008.[2] They had a 7th-generation x86 microarchitecture, called NetBurst, which was the company's first all-new design since the introduction of the P6 microarchitecture of the Pentium Pro CPUs in 1995. NetBurst differed from P6 (Pentium III, II, etc.) by featuring a very deep instruction pipeline to achieve very high clock speeds[3] (up to 3.8 GHz) limited only by TDPs reaching up to 115 W in 3.4 GHz –3.8 GHz Prescott and Prescott 2M cores.[4] In 2004, the initial 32-bit x86 instruction set of the Pentium 4 microprocessors was extended by the 64-bit x86-64 set. The performance difference between a Pentium III at 1.13 GHz and a Pentium 4 at 1.3 GHz would have been hardly noticeable. So the Pentium 4 clock frequency needed to be approximately 1.15 higher than a Pentium 3 to achieve the same performance.[5]
The first Pentium 4 cores, codenamed Willamette, were clocked from 1.3 GHz to 2 GHz. They were released on November 20, 2000, using the Socket 423 system. Notable with the introduction of the Pentium 4 was the 400 MT/s FSB. It actually operated at 100 MHz but the FSB was quad-pumped, meaning that the maximum transfer rate was four times the base clock of the bus, so it was marketed to run at 400 MHz. The AMD Athlon's double-pumped FSB was running at 200 MT/s or 266 MT/s at that time.
Pentium 4 CPUs introduced the SSE2 and, in the Prescott-based Pentium 4s, SSE3 instruction sets to accelerate calculations, transactions, media processing, 3D graphics, and games. Later versions featured Hyper-Threading Technology (HTT), a feature to make one physical CPU work as two logical CPUs. Intel also marketed a version of their low-end Celeron processors based on the NetBurst microarchitecture (often referred to as Celeron 4), and a high-end derivative, Xeon, intended for multiprocessor servers and workstations. In 2005, the Pentium 4 was complemented by the Pentium D and Pentium Extreme Edition dual-core CPUs.

Dynamic frequency scaling

Dynamic frequency scaling (also known as CPU throttling) is a technique in computer architecture whereby the frequency of a microprocessor can be automatically adjusted "on the fly," either to conserve power or to reduce the amount of heat generated by the chip. Dynamic frequency scaling is commonly used in laptops and other mobile devices, where energy comes from a battery and thus is limited. It is also used in quiet computing settings and to decrease energy and cooling costs for lightly loaded machines. Less heat output, in turn, allows the system cooling fans to be throttled down or turned off, reducing noise levels and further decreasing power consumption. It is also used for reducing heat in insufficiently cooled systems when the temperature reaches a certain threshold, such as in poorly cooled overclocked systems.
The dynamic power (switching power) dissipated by a chip is C·V2·f, where C is the capacitance being switched per clock cycle, V is voltage, and f is the switching frequency (as a unitless quantity).[1] As frequency changes, the dynamic power will change linearly with it. Dynamic power does not account the total power of the chip however, as there is also static power, which is primarily due to various leakage currents. Leakage current has become more and more important as feature sizes has become smaller and threshold levels lower. In state-of-the-art deep submicrometre technologies in 2008, dynamic power accounts for approximately two-thirds of the total chip power, which limits the effectiveness of frequency scaling.[citation needed]
Dynamic voltage scaling is another power conservation technique that is often used in conjunction with frequency scaling, as the frequency that a chip may run at is related to the operating voltage.
The efficiency of some electrical components, such as voltage regulators, decreases with increasing temperature, so the power used may increase with temperature. Since increasing power use may increase the temperature, increases in voltage or frequency may increase system power demands even further than the CMOS formula indicates, and vice-versa.

How can I increase my processor speed

There is the concept of overclock. Advancing the processor clock speed by small increments just to the point of system instability. Some motherboards have overclocking capabilities built into them which provides a measure of safety. Read up on the topic and check out some forums discussing the procedure before you attempt it.

Is there a way to increase processor speed without buying a new processor?

I recommend you not do it even if you can... in a laptop it will create a LOT more heat and will eventually cause crashing even if you increase it a little. That's for if you wanted to keep the same processor and overclock it..
I'm not sure if you can replace it though.

Processors

This guide lists all Pentium 4-M, Mobile Pentium 4, Pentium M, Core Solo, Core Duo, Core 2 Duo, Mobile Celeron and Celeron M chips. Processors under a particular brand are listed according to core. Each processor entry is followed by its clock speed (in MHz), its L2 cache size (in KB) and its front side bus speed (in MHz). All processors listed under a particular socket are mechanically compatible with that socket.

About This Guide

This guide does NOT list every Intel mobile processor. Processors older than the Pentium 4-M and associated Celerons have been omitted. Some chipsets supporting the Pentium 4-M, Mobile Pentium 4 and associated Celerons may also be missing.